.
E-mail This Article

Musk-oxen motivation

Jean Marie resident's game plan scuttled by RWED

Derek Neary
Northern News Services

Jean Marie River (Mar 30/01) - Upon retirement in Jean Marie River four years ago, Leonard Ireland planned to go into farming ... musk-ox farming.



Muskox:
'The animal with skin like a beard'

The muskox is a grazing mammal that lives on Canada's arctic tundra year round. Superficially, the muskox resembles the bison, with humped shoulders and a long black coat, but it is more closely related to sheep and goats.

  • The shoulder hump of a standing bull reaches only to about the chest height of a person.
  • Bulls weigh about 270-315 kg and cows about 90 kg less.
  • Both cows and bulls have impressive horns. They curve downward toward the face then out and up at slender tips. On bulls, the base of each horn extends across the forehead to meet as a solid "boss" of horn and bone up to 10 cm thick.
  • Its rounded hooves help prevent the animal from sinking into soft snow. Front hooves are larger than hind hooves.
  • It has an acute sense of smell that enables it to find food beneath snow.
  • There are about 85,000 muskoxen in Canada, mostly on arctic islands, especially Banks and Victoria Islands. A mainland population of about 14,000 lives in areas north of Great Bear Lake, around Queen Maud Gulf and in northeastern Keewatin. There is also an introduced free-ranging population in Quebec.
  • It survives in the Arctic largely due to its remarkable coat. Its wool, or "qiviut" is stronger than sheep's wool, eight times warmer and finer than cashmere.
  • The Inuit name for muskox is omingmak: "the animal with skin like a beard."

    Source: Canadian Wildlife Service.


  • "But the Department of Game (RWED) is saying, 'No... there are no musk-ox coming into this area," Ireland said. "The reason they gave me is because (musk-oxen) have a zoo of diseases."

    Doug Stewart, director of wildlife and fisheries for RWED in Yellowknife, couldn't be reached for comment.

    Paul Kraft, regional superintendent for RWED in Fort Simpson, said he's familiar with Ireland's quest, although it has been handled at a departmental level, not regionally.

    Kraft described the issue as "very complex," and acknowledged that diseases and parasites, and the possibility of cross-species contamination, are among the concerns.

    "That's a good part of the reasoning not to introduce species outside their normal area of occupation," he explained.

    Ireland, a retired forestry worker and career development officer who grew up on a farm in northern Alberta, planned to use 26 acres of land adjacent to his home for the herd. The Jean Marie River First Nation has given him its consent, he noted.

    To embark on such a venture would be quite costly. He said he hoped to acquire three cows, which bear offspring nearly every year, and cost approximately $10,000 per head. He also planned to buy one bull, for roughly $3,000, all from a game farm in Whitehorse.

    When asked about musk-oxen existing in other jurisdictions, Kraft said most herds outside of wild ones in the far north are kept by institutions such as the University of Alaska for research purposes. He added that he's not familiar with an existing Yukon musk-oxen farm.

    Ireland has already paid to have a business plan completed and has secured funding, he said. There would be relatively little development required, only a fence to confine the animals -- he said he's even willing to build a double fence.

    "But Game (RWED) just said, 'No.'" he said, adding that he's not giving up on obtaining a game farm licence yet.

    "It's my feeling that they (RWED) just don't want to do any work.

    "If there was a farm established here they would have to come and do checks and that kind of stuff... they're supposed to be civil servants, not roadblocks," he said.

    The main appeal in musk-oxen is their woolly hair, which sells for up to $18 (U.S.) an ounce, according to Ireland. An average musk-ox produces five pounds. of hair each year, he noted.

    "They spin it into yarn and knit with it. It's eight times warmer than sheep's wool," he said.

    Musk-oxen meat is also a specialty.

    He added that the farm would also serve as a tourist attraction.